Effects of Replacing Fish Meal with Soybean Meal in Diets for Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus and Potential for Palatability Enhancement

Abstract Two 8‐wk feeding trials were conducted with juvenile red drum to determine the maximum levels of soybean meal that may replace fish meal in diets containing 38% crude protein, without reducing weight gain. In the first experiment, fish fed diets containing up to 90% of the protein from soybean meal gained as much weight as fish fed a diet with 100% of protein from fish meal, but fish fed the diet with 100% of its protein from soybean meal gained significantly (P < 0.05) less. Supplementation of glycine and fish solubles individually at 2% (as‐fed basis) in diets containing 90% of their protein from soybean meal tended to increase weight gain of fish compared to those fed a similar diet without supplementation. Similar results were obtained in the second experiment, as fish fed diets containing 90% of their protein from soybean meal gained as much weight as fish fed a diet with 100% of its protein from fish meal. Fish fed diets with 95% and 100% of their protein from soybean meal gained significantly less weight than those fed the diet with all of its protein from fish meal. Supplementation of glycine at 2% in the diet containing 95% of its protein from soybean meal significantly improved weight gain of fish relative to those fed a similar unsupplemented diet. Supplementation of fish solubles at 5% of diet on a dry‐matter basis provided a nonsignificant increase in weight gain compared to that of fish fed a similar unsupplemented diet. In both experiments there was greater observed consumption of the soybean‐meal‐based diets than diets with all of their protein from fish meal. A minimum of 10% of protein from fish meal appears necessary in practical diets containing most of their protein from soybean meal to prevent impaired growth and feed efficiency of red drum.