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1995•International Journal of Polymeric MaterialsRequires access

A Comparison of Emulsion and Microemulsion Copolymerization of Styrene and Acrylonitrile

E. Mendizábal, R. Rodríguez-Ruvalcaba, V. Rabelero, J. E. Puig, Rodrigo Velázquez-Castillo, V. M. Castaño

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Abstract

The synthesis of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers by emulsion or microemulsion polymerization using either a water-soluble (potassium persulfate or KPS) or a water-insoluble (AIBN) initiator is presented here. The surfactant used was dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). Polymerization in DTAB microemulsions initiated with AIBN are faster and have higher conversions than those initiated with KPS, but the opposite effect is observed for emulsion polymerization. In both emulsion and microemulsion polymerizations, high molecular weights (2-4 × 106 Dalton) SAN copolymers are produced with composition richer in styrene (S/AN = 81/19 w/w) than the initial feed composition (75/25 w/w). Latex produced by microemulsion polymerization contain particles two- to three-fold smaller than those prepared by emulsion polymerization.

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What this paper is about

The synthesis of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers by emulsion or microemulsion polymerization using either a water-soluble (potassium persulfate or KPS) or a water-insoluble (AIBN) initiator is presented here. The surfactant used was dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). Polymerization in DTAB microemulsions initiated with AIBN are faster and have higher conversions than those initiated with KPS, but the opposite effect is observed for emulsion polymerization. In both emulsion and microemulsion polymerizations, high molecular weights (2-4 × 106 Dalton) SAN copolymers are produced with composition richer in styrene (S/AN = 81/19 w/w) than the initial feed composition (75/25 w/w). Latex produced by microemulsion polymerization contain particles two- to three-fold smaller than those prepared by emulsion polymerization.

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Available abstract

The synthesis of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers by emulsion or microemulsion polymerization using either a water-soluble (potassium persulfate or KPS) or a water-insoluble (AIBN) initiator is presented here. The surfactant used was dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). Polymerization in DTAB microemulsions initiated with AIBN are faster and have higher conversions than those initiated with KPS, but the opposite effect is observed for emulsion polymerization. In both emulsion and microemulsion polymerizations, high molecular weights (2-4 × 106 Dalton) SAN copolymers are produced with composition richer in styrene (S/AN = 81/19 w/w) than the initial feed composition (75/25 w/w). Latex produced by microemulsion polymerization contain particles two- to three-fold smaller than those prepared by emulsion polymerization.

Key concepts: Microemulsion, Emulsion polymerization, Potassium persulfate, Copolymer, Acrylonitrile, Styrene, Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, Polymerization

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