To what extent has the process of globalisation reduced the national growth process in Europe?

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges faced by European leaders in the twenty‐first century economy. Design/methodology/approach The paper is an exploratory and expository review of the relationship and contributions made by politicians of individual countries. Findings The paper suggests that opposition parties are offering little in the way of alternative policies in most European Union (EU) countries. For most countries that endorse the globalisation process, this is unlikely to change and in the EU. Originality/value This paper allows researchers and practitioners to gain an understanding of European integration and theories of globalisation to build a contextual picture of the challenges faced by European leaders.