Estimation of average switching activity in combinational and sequential circuits

power dissipated in VLSI combinational and sequential circuits, under random input sequences. Switching activity is strongly affected by gate delays and for this reason we use a general delay model in estimating switching activity. Our method takes into account correlation caused at internal gates in the circuit due to reconvergence of input signals. In sequential circuits, the input sequence applied to the combinational portion of the circuit is highly correlated because some of the inputs to the combinational logic are flip-flop outputs representing the state of the circuit. We present methods to probabilistically estimate switching activity in sequential circuits. These methods automatically compute the switching rates and correlations between flip-flop outputs.