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1976•Journal of Geophysical Research AtmospheresRequires access

On the plasma instability mechanisms responsible forEsq

B. B. Balsley, Augusto Rey, R. F. Woodman

Open publisher page 27 citations

Abstract

Evidence is presented showing that the gradient drift (type 2) irregularities are the most probable scatterers responsible for equatorial sporadic E (Esq) echoes observed on conventional equatorial ionograms and that the two-stream (type 1) irregularities are not detectable at ionosonde wavelengths (1–10 MHz).

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What this paper is about

Evidence is presented showing that the gradient drift (type 2) irregularities are the most probable scatterers responsible for equatorial sporadic E (Esq) echoes observed on conventional equatorial ionograms and that the two-stream (type 1) irregularities are not detectable at ionosonde wavelengths (1–10 MHz).

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OpenAlex reports 27 citations for this work. Citation counts describe recorded attention and do not establish research quality.

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Available abstract

Evidence is presented showing that the gradient drift (type 2) irregularities are the most probable scatterers responsible for equatorial sporadic E (Esq) echoes observed on conventional equatorial ionograms and that the two-stream (type 1) irregularities are not detectable at ionosonde wavelengths (1–10 MHz).

Key concepts: Ionosonde, Ionogram, Instability, Plasma, Sporadic E propagation, Wavelength, Ionosphere, Geophysics

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