Study upon electromagnetic interferences inside an intensive care unit

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - the ability of electronic systems and devices to function well in close proximity of one to another - is an important item to be considered in the design and construction of healthcare facilities. Hospitals contain a large variety of equipment, such as electro-surgery units that are known to produce high levels of electromagnetic interferences (EMI) and other devices such as ECG (Electrocardiography) and EEG (Electroencephalography), which are known to be particularly sensitive to electromagnetic disturbances. Despite the existence of standards and regulations, there is often no collaboration between the designers of the buildings and the users of the equipment therein. In this paper, we show how an understanding of EMC enables us to prevent interference problems and protect critical systems. We discuss about installation and maintenance practices such as the use of zoning and safe distances, aiming to ensure that adequate levels of EMI are achieved in the hospital environment. In our paper are presented results of measurements upon the electromagnetic field in an intensive therapy room, while observing the influences of the electromagnetic field generated by an external source (GSM phone) on the functionality of medical devices in the lounge. We created a map of the electromagnetic field and we proposed solutions to reduce the influence of EMI on medical devices.