New Species of Fusarium in Glasshouse Carnations in Bulgaria

The study range the years 1984–1990. The samples of affected plants were collected from glasshouses where the Fusarium diseases were widespread. The wilt of carnation was caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. dianthi, Fusarium oxysporum var. orthoceras and Fusarium redolens were not common wilt pathogens. During the same period a stem and root rot of carnation was caused by Fusarium lunolosporum, Fusarium detonianum, Fusarium stilboides, Fusarium arthrosporoides, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium sambucinum var. sambucinum, Fusarium timidum var. coeruleum, Fusarium dimerum var. dimerum and Fusarium epistroma. All of them, except F. culmorum, were remarked as pathogen to glasshouse carnation for a first time. The rate of spred of Fusarium pathogens was F. oxysporum f. dianthi - 57%, F. culmorum - 12%, F. arthosporoides 6%. All the other species are within the limits of 3%. The isolates were classified after the taxonomic manuals of Raillo (6), Bilai (1, 2), Messiaen, Cassini (13), Booth (8) and Gerlach, Nirenberg (12).