Antarctic Bottom Water production and export by tides in the Ross Sea

Current measurements in the western Ross Sea show that Antarctic Bottom Water is produced at the outer edge of the Continental Shelf by tidal stirring of Antarctic Surface Water, Circumpolar Deep Water and Shelf Water. Current amplitudes during spring tides are greater than 1 m/s, sufficient to carry Circumpolar Deep Water onto the shelf from offshore and stir at least the lower portion of the water column to a nearly homogeneous mixture. The Antarctic Bottom Water produced every day during spring tides does not appear to have a seasonal signal. Its export rate is estimated to be 1.95 ± 1.85 × 10 6 m 3 /s.