Influence of the Endothelium on Vascular Responses of Aortae from Endotoxic Rats

Intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin diminished the in-vitro contractile response of rat aorta to phenylephrine or clonidine, whether the intimal layer was disrupted or not. The relaxing responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside in aorta precontracted with 10(-6) M phenylephrine were similar between control and endotoxic groups. However, when the precontractile force following phenylephrine was adjusted to an equivalent level, the relaxing responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were diminished in the endotoxic aorta compared with the controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the increase in cyclic GMP levels induced by acetylcholine or by sodium nitroprusside. These results suggest that aortae from endotoxic rats show decreased responsiveness to alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation not because of enhancement of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor but because of abnormality in the vascular smooth muscle which is not specific for subtypes of the alpha-adrenoceptor.