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2015•The Astrophysical Journal LettersOpen access

TRAPPED PROTON FLUXES AT LOW EARTH ORBITS MEASURED BY THE PAMELA EXPERIMENT

O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, M. Boezio, É. A. Bogomolov, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, S. Bottai, Alessandro Bruno, Francesco Saverio Cafagna, D. Campana, Roberto Carbone, P. Carlson, Marco Casolino, Guido Castellini, C. De Donato, Cristian De Santis, Nicola Simone, V. Di Felice, V. Formato, A. M. Galper, A. V. Karelin, S. V. Koldashov, S. Koldobskiy, S. Y. Krutkov, А. Н. Квашнин, Aleksey A. Leonov, Vitaly V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, M. Martucci, Andrey G. Mayorov, Wolfgang Menn, Matteo Mergè, Vladimir V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, Alfonso Monaco, Nicola Mori, R. Munini, G. Osteria, F. Palma, B. Panico, P. Papini, Mark Pearce, Piergiorgio Picozza, Marco Ricci, S. Ricciarini, R. Sarkar, V. Scotti, M. Simon, R. Sparvoli, П. Спиллантини, Yuri I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. Vasilyev, Sergey A. Voronov, Yu T Yurkin, Gianluigi Zampa, N. Zampa, Valeri G. Zverev

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Abstract

We report an accurate measurement of the geomagnetically trapped proton fluxes for kinetic energy above ∼70 MeV performed by the PAMELA mission at low Earth orbits (350 ÷ 610 km). Data were analyzed in the frame of the adiabatic theory of charged particle motion in the geomagnetic field. Flux properties were investigated in detail, providing a full characterization of the particle radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, including locations, energy spectra, and pitch angle distributions. PAMELA results significantly improve the description of the Earth's radiation environment at low altitudes, placing important constraints on the trapping and interaction processes, and can be used to validate current trapped particle radiation models.

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What this paper is about

We report an accurate measurement of the geomagnetically trapped proton fluxes for kinetic energy above ∼70 MeV performed by the PAMELA mission at low Earth orbits (350 ÷ 610 km). Data were analyzed in the frame of the adiabatic theory of charged particle motion in the geomagnetic field. Flux properties were investigated in detail, providing a full characterization of the particle radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, including locations, energy spectra, and pitch angle distributions. PAMELA results significantly improve the description of the Earth's radiation environment at low altitudes, placing important constraints on the trapping and interaction processes, and can be used to validate current trapped particle radiation models.

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Available abstract

We report an accurate measurement of the geomagnetically trapped proton fluxes for kinetic energy above ∼70 MeV performed by the PAMELA mission at low Earth orbits (350 ÷ 610 km). Data were analyzed in the frame of the adiabatic theory of charged particle motion in the geomagnetic field. Flux properties were investigated in detail, providing a full characterization of the particle radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, including locations, energy spectra, and pitch angle distributions. PAMELA results significantly improve the description of the Earth's radiation environment at low altitudes, placing important constraints on the trapping and interaction processes, and can be used to validate current trapped particle radiation models.

Key concepts: South Atlantic Anomaly, Van Allen radiation belt, Earth's magnetic field, Physics, Proton, Kinetic energy, Radiation trapping, Adiabatic process

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