Kirchhoff imaging as a tool for AVO/AVA analysis

Kirchhoff-type weighted stacking methods are used in an ever more sophisticated way with the aim of aggregating amplitude information into imaged seismic sections. This is, for instance, the case of true-amplitude prestack depth migration (PreSDM), in which amplitudes of migrated primary reflections essentially represent a measure of offset-dependent reflection coefficients. Application of true-amplitude PreSDM to several individual common-offset sections generates an ensemble of migrated sections directly amenable to an amplitude-variation-with-offset (AVO) analysis.