ESTIMATION OF LOW BONE MASS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS FRACTURE RISK IN INDIAN MEN AND WOMEN USING QUANTITATIVE ULTRASOUND AND DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY

The objective of the present work is to estimate the prevalence of low bone mass in Indian men and women for the assessment of osteoporosis and fracture risk using quantitative ultrasound and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and carryout a comparative evaluation for early prediction of osteoporosis. Data collected in this study is analyzed to assess the diagnostic performance of the ultrasound and how its performance compares to DEXA bone mineral density (BMD). Quantitative ultrasound assessment of osteoporosis is carried out by measuring broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) through calcaneus bone to provide a clinical measure called the stiffness index (SI). The SI is a measure of bone density used to predict the risk of bone fracture due to osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is performed in lumbar region (L1–L4) of the spine in anterior-posterior direction using DEXA. In both studies the data is found to be significant in men and women subjects with p<0.0005 and percentage bone loss in men and women are significantly matching in both studies. Ultrasound performance correlates moderately well with DEXA (r=0.60 to 0.68) and provides comparable diagnostic sensitivity to spine BMD in predicting osteoporotic fractures.