Education in Angiology

North American cardiologists, as cardiovascular subspecialists in internal medicine, deal with cardiac as well as vascular disease entities. Consequently, cardiologists are also angiologists. However, it has been reported that these physicians spend considerably more of their professional time dealing directly with cardiology rather than angiology-related problems. Such is also the case in Japan. Medical angiology may be too extensive a field to be the responsibility of cardiologists alone, although an excellent report was documented concerning of guidelines for training cardiovascular subspecialists in internal medicine, as proposed by the Council on General Internal Medicine, American Board of Internal Medicine. Therefore, the medical angiologist who wishes to function as a subspecialist for patients with vascular disease should be encouraged. Better trained medical angiologists should enable better treatment and management of related clinical disorders.