Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer): first reported patients in Togo

Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer) is the third most common mycobacterial infection of immunocompetent humans, and is an emerging disease in West Africa. We describe the first two reported patients with Buruli ulcer in Togo, establishing a geographical continuum of the disease in all countries bordering the Gulf of Guinea. The aetiological agent was identified by molecular biological analysis of biopsy material. We speculate that changing environmental factors related to human habitation may influence rates of incidence of Buruli ulcer.