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2001•Physical Review AOpen access

Characterization of separable states and entanglement witnesses

Maciej Lewenstein, Barbara Kraus, Paweł Horodecki, J. I. Cirac

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Abstract

We provide a canonical form of mixed states in bipartite quantum systems in terms of a convex combination of a separable state and a so-called edge state. We construct entanglement witnesses for all edge states, which allows us to introduce a canonical form of nondecomposable entanglement witnesses and the corresponding positive maps. We also present a nontrivial necessary condition for entanglement witnesses and positive maps to be extremal.

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We provide a canonical form of mixed states in bipartite quantum systems in terms of a convex combination of a separable state and a so-called edge state. We construct entanglement witnesses for all edge states, which allows us to introduce a canonical form of nondecomposable entanglement witnesses and the corresponding positive maps. We also present a nontrivial necessary condition for entanglement witnesses and positive maps to be extremal.

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Available abstract

We provide a canonical form of mixed states in bipartite quantum systems in terms of a convex combination of a separable state and a so-called edge state. We construct entanglement witnesses for all edge states, which allows us to introduce a canonical form of nondecomposable entanglement witnesses and the corresponding positive maps. We also present a nontrivial necessary condition for entanglement witnesses and positive maps to be extremal.

Key concepts: Quantum entanglement, Separable state, Bipartite graph, Multipartite entanglement, Separable space, Entanglement witness, State (computer science), Squashed entanglement

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