Space charge effect, coherence of charge oscillations, and emittance

The space charge effect plays an important role in accelerator injectors, in which the particle energy is relatively low. The emittance compensation technique makes it possible to effectively analyze and optimize such beamlines. This method is used for obtaining simple and reliable analytical and numerical estimates for the increase in emittance in beamlines with prevailing effect of space charge and guns. The longitudinal and transverse nonuniformity in charge density, acceleration, and bunching are taken into account. The parameters of optimal beamlines and guns are estimated.