1998•Journal of Physics Condensed MatterOpen access

The ratio of small polarons to free carriers in derived from susceptibility measurements

K. A. Müller, Guo‐meng Zhao, K. Conder, Hugo Keller

Abstract

The normal-state spin susceptibility of was measured as a function of doping x . For , is well described by small-polaron theory. For , a temperature-independent Pauli component is present in as well. These results indicate the coexistence of small polarons and free carriers above the transition concentration . The concentration of the free carriers increases rapidly with , reaching a maximum for optimal doping ( x = 0.15). The large mass anisotropy of the polarons is obtained quantitatively from the -measurements.

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Key concepts: Polaron, Pauli exclusion principle, Condensed matter physics, Doping, Free carrier, Anisotropy, Effective mass (spring–mass system), Spin (aerodynamics)