Pollination studies ofcampanula persicifolia(campanulaceae) in sweden

Campanula persicifolia in C. Sweden is adapted to large pollen vectors, insect aggregations or bad weather to become cross‐pollinated. Insects in aggregations, or alone, often visit the flowers, which give shelter and a suitable microclimate during bad weather and nights. C. persicifolia is visited by a great number of insects. Pollination is probably effected by many types of insects, but the efficiency varies widely. The bee Chelostoma campanulorum (Megachilidae) and the fly Thricops hirsutula (Muscidae) were found to be the best agents to bring about cross‐pollination in the studied populations of C. persicifolia.