Sulpiride addition for the treatment of clozapine-induced hypersalivation: preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: Hypersalivation is a common, troublesome side effect of clozapine treatment. It occurs in 31-54% of clozapine treated patients. Management of this stigmatizing side effect may reduce noncompliance. Reports in the literature have shown beneficial clinical effects of combined clozapine-sulpiride therapy as measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and we found that this treatment combination also has very strong antisalivatory activity for clozapine-induced hypersalivation. METHODS: 18 patients (12 female, 6 male) with clozapine-induced hypersalivation received sulpiride (150-300 mg/day) in addition to ongoing clozapine treatment (from 100 mg/d to 800 mg/d). Baseline, 7 day and 21 day follow-up values were recorded for the 5-point Nocturnal Hypersalivation Rating Scale. RESULTS: At the end of the trial only 3 patients complained of minimal sialorrhea, and the mean Nocturnal Hypersalivation Rating Scale scale values showed a significant reduction in sialorrhea (delta baseline-endpoint -.2.78 +/- 0.87). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support reports of the beneficial effect of clozapine-sulpiride combination therapy and suggest that sulpiride addition may contribute to the amelioration of clozapine-induced hypersalivation.