2016Transactions of the American Mathematical SocietyOpen access

A framework for forcing constructions at successors of singular cardinals

James Cummings, Mirna Džamonja, Menachem Magidor, Charles G. Morgan, Saharon Shelah

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Abstract

We describe a framework for proving consistency results about singular cardinals of arbitrary cofinality and their successors. This framework allows the construction of models in which the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis fails at a singular cardinal κ \kappa of uncountable cofinality, while κ + \kappa ^+ enjoys various combinatorial properties. As a sample application, we prove the consistency (relative to that of ZFC plus a supercompact cardinal) of there being a strong limit singular cardinal κ \kappa of uncountable cofinality where SCH fails and such that there is a collection of size less than 2 κ + 2^{\kappa ^+} of graphs on κ + \kappa ^+ such that any graph on κ + \kappa ^+ embeds into one of the graphs in the collection.

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We describe a framework for proving consistency results about singular cardinals of arbitrary cofinality and their successors. This framework allows the construction of models in which the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis fails at a singular cardinal κ \kappa of uncountable cofinality, while κ + \kappa ^+ enjoys various combinatorial properties. As a sample application, we prove the consistency (relative to that of ZFC plus a supercompact cardinal) of there being a strong limit singular cardinal κ \kappa of uncountable cofinality where SCH fails and such that there is a collection of size less than 2 κ + 2^{\kappa ^+} of graphs on κ + \kappa ^+ such that any graph on κ + \kappa ^+ embeds into one of the graphs in the collection.

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Available abstract

We describe a framework for proving consistency results about singular cardinals of arbitrary cofinality and their successors. This framework allows the construction of models in which the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis fails at a singular cardinal κ \kappa of uncountable cofinality, while κ + \kappa ^+ enjoys various combinatorial properties. As a sample application, we prove the consistency (relative to that of ZFC plus a supercompact cardinal) of there being a strong limit singular cardinal κ \kappa of uncountable cofinality where SCH fails and such that there is a collection of size less than 2 κ + 2^{\kappa ^+} of graphs on κ + \kappa ^+ such that any graph on κ + \kappa ^+ embeds into one of the graphs in the collection.

Key concepts: Uncountable set, Algorithm, Cofinality, Type (biology), Annotation, Computer science, Mathematics, Consistency (knowledge bases)

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