Grid-scale battery energy storage systems

This report presents an overview of the engineering considerations involved in the design of grid-scale battery energy storage systems.Grid-scale is defined here as systems over 1 MW in rated power, typically operated by a utility, independent power producer, or Independent System Operator (ISO).The physical components of a BESS are presented and explained, including power electronics, an introduction to various commercially available battery technologies, necessary control systems, and balance of plant hardware.Also presented are a variety of real-world applications of battery energy storage systems, showing how the specific application determines what mix of technology will be selected when designing the system, as well as explaining the foundation for the control algorithms.