Transcatheter Closure of Atrial-Septal Defects Using the Amplatzer Devices

An atrial-septal defect (ASD) is defined as an opening or defect in the atrial septum, between the right and left atrium. It excludes the patent foramen ovale. Four types of ASDs are recognized with distinct anatomic and embryological differences: Primum defects arise from abnormal atrial-septal tissue development from the endocardial cushions. Secundum result from defects in the septum primum with incomplete overlap of septum secundum. Sinus venosus (superior vena cava type and inferior vena cava type) are defects in the part of the atrial septum that develops from the embryonic sinus venosus. Coronary sinus septal defect is a defect in septation between the coronary sinus and the left atrium (LA). These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.