Генетика и демография русской сельской популяции Ярославской области

We investigated the mitochondrial DNA polymorphism of Russian rural population of Yaroslavl region and found mt DNA haplogroups H, preV, U, T, W, and X. Based on the genealogical analysis of the village Sarajevo (Yaroslavl region) we have made a detailed family tree, which includes more than 390 people — both from previous generations, and now living. We did a genealogical analysis of this rural population, calculated the inbreeding coefficient, which proved to be very low (smaller than that in a number of foreign rural populations of Europe and America). Also we investigated gene-demographic indicators of this population, namely, the indices of fertility, mortality and total selection. These indices were intermediate between those of endogamous populations and industrial. Genealogical analysis allowed us to identify kinship marriages and calculate the coefficient of inbreeding, talking about the absence of inbreeding depression in this rural Russian population. According to our research, the dynamics of mortality data generally range from 0 to 2 deaths per year, but we found a sudden mortality peak in 1999 (10 people), and the causes of this increased mortality is different from both the cardiovascular and malignant diseases and accident insurance. We have the impression that in 1999 some kind of total stress factor acted on the population of the village. Of course, the amount of the studied population of the village at Yaroslavl region is small, and we have refrained from making general conclusions on the increase of mortality in 1999, but the demographic data for Russia as a whole also show certain increase mortality in this period.