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Assessment of Treatment Integrity in School Consultation and Prereferral Intervention

Frank M. Gresham

Abstract

The consultation and prereferral intervention literature has ignored a fundamental aspect of behavior change: treatment integrity. Integrity of treatment refers to the degree to which a treatment is implemented as planned. This article describes treatment integrity as it relates to the design, implementation, and monitoring of consultation/prereferral intervention plans. Factors related to treatment integrity are discussed and technical issues in assessing the integrity of treatments are detailed. Practical approaches are presented to the assessment and facilitation of treatment integrity. Future research directions are outlined as initial steps toward developing a technology of treatment integrity.

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Key concepts: Psychology, Intervention (counseling), School psychology, Response to intervention, Special education, Referral, Clinical psychology, Medical education