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Gravitational Theory with Local Conservation of Energy

DT Froedge

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Abstract

The presentation here is based on the presumption that the total energy of a particle and photon in a gravitational field is localized and conserved. A mass particle thus entering a static gravitational field has an increasing velocity, but a decreasing rest mass, or a mass defect. The total energy is conserved. This also means that as a photon rises in a gravitational field there is no loss of energy, and therefore a photon escapes the most intense field, precluding the formation of a black hole. Since there is no energy change in an accelerating particle technically gravitation is not a force. It will be shown that such a theory of gravitation can be developed, that properly predicts known dynamic, has proper covariant transformations, the proper Shapiro velocity, and does not require formulation in curved space. Noether’s theorem definitively shows that contrary to all other forces, energy cannot be conserved nor localized in a Riemannian gauge field representation. It is presumed here that this is a flaw in GR, and it is asserted here that Noether’s theorem is not an indicator of a physical reality, but an indicator of the approximate nature of GR. This can best be tested in the observation of the properties of objects cited to be black holes. There are points of this development that are testable, and provable or disprovable in experiments on Black Holes and, Event Horizons.

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What this paper is about

The presentation here is based on the presumption that the total energy of a particle and photon in a gravitational field is localized and conserved. A mass particle thus entering a static gravitational field has an increasing velocity, but a decreasing rest mass, or a mass defect. The total energy is conserved. This also means that as a photon rises in a gravitational field there is no loss of energy, and therefore a photon escapes the most intense field, precluding the formation of a black hole. Since there is no energy change in an accelerating particle technically gravitation is not a force. It will be shown that such a theory of gravitation can be developed, that properly predicts known dynamic, has proper covariant transformations, the proper Shapiro velocity, and does not require formulation in curved space. Noether’s theorem definitively shows that contrary to all other forces, energy cannot be conserved nor localized in a Riemannian gauge field representation. It is presumed here that this is a flaw in GR, and it is asserted here that Noether’s theorem is not an indicator of a physical reality, but an indicator of the approximate nature of GR. This can best be tested in the observation of the properties of objects cited to be black holes. There are points of this development that are testable, and provable or disprovable in experiments on Black Holes and, Event Horizons.

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Available abstract

The presentation here is based on the presumption that the total energy of a particle and photon in a gravitational field is localized and conserved. A mass particle thus entering a static gravitational field has an increasing velocity, but a decreasing rest mass, or a mass defect. The total energy is conserved. This also means that as a photon rises in a gravitational field there is no loss of energy, and therefore a photon escapes the most intense field, precluding the formation of a black hole. Since there is no energy change in an accelerating particle technically gravitation is not a force. It will be shown that such a theory of gravitation can be developed, that properly predicts known dynamic, has proper covariant transformations, the proper Shapiro velocity, and does not require formulation in curved space. Noether’s theorem definitively shows that contrary to all other forces, energy cannot be conserved nor localized in a Riemannian gauge field representation. It is presumed here that this is a flaw in GR, and it is asserted here that Noether’s theorem is not an indicator of a physical reality, but an indicator of the approximate nature of GR. This can best be tested in the observation of the properties of objects cited to be black holes. There are points of this development that are testable, and provable or disprovable in experiments on Black Holes and, Event Horizons.

Key concepts: Physics, Noether's theorem, Gravitation, Gravitational field, Covariant transformation, Gravitational energy, Classical mechanics, Photon

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