The solar sunspot cycle in the Maunder minimum AD 1645 to AD 1715
Jean-Paul Ribes, E. Nesme-Ribes
Abstract
Jean-Paul Ribes, E. Nesme-Ribes
Abstract
We present a unique collection of quantitative sunspot observations recorded at the Observatoire de Paris from 1660- 1719. These data contrast significantly with that of earlier observers who bequeathed us a sporadic set of drawings from before the Maunder Minimum in that they are quantitative measurements, they span most of the Maunder minimum uninterrupted. About 8000 daily observations were made from 1660 to 1719, on which we base our description of solar activity properties. Sunspot numbers, butterfly diagrams, active longitudes and rotation rates are all reconstructed and compared to modern ones, and the comparison with modern observations of the 11-year solar cycle provides us with a better understanding of the solar cycles over the Maunder Minimum
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We present a unique collection of quantitative sunspot observations recorded at the Observatoire de Paris from 1660- 1719. These data contrast significantly with that of earlier observers who bequeathed us a sporadic set of drawings from before the Maunder Minimum in that they are quantitative measurements, they span most of the Maunder minimum uninterrupted. About 8000 daily observations were made from 1660 to 1719, on which we base our description of solar activity properties. Sunspot numbers, butterfly diagrams, active longitudes and rotation rates are all reconstructed and compared to modern ones, and the comparison with modern observations of the 11-year solar cycle provides us with a better understanding of the solar cycles over the Maunder Minimum
Key concepts: Sunspot, Physics, Solar minimum, Solar rotation, Solar cycle, Sunspot number, Solar maximum, Astrophysics