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The bipolar planetary nebula IC 4406 : CO, optical and dust emission.

R. Sahai, A. Wootten, H. E. Schwarz, R. E. S. Clegg

Abstract

The CO J=1-0 and 2-1 line emission towards the Type I planetary nebula IC 4406 were mapped. High-quality images of the nebula in Hα + [N II] and [O III] line emission were also obtained. The CO data show the presence of a high-velocity outflow directed along the major axis of the optical nebula, which, together with the spatial distribution of the H 2 emission, indicate that the high-velocity outflow has been collimated by an equatorial density enhancement in the circumstellar envelope of the progenitor AGB star. Together with NGC 3132 and NGC 2346, IC 4406 thus becomes the 3rd planetary nebula where the CO emission directely indicates the above geometry

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Key concepts: Physics, Nebula, Planetary nebula, Astrophysics, Emission nebula, Bipolar nebula, Protoplanetary nebula, Emission spectrum