2015•Hirosaki University Repository for Academic Resources (Hirosaki University)Open access
Comparison of the Effects of Isoflurane Inhalation, Pentobarbital and a Medetomidine-Midazolam-Butorphanol Combination Anesthesia on Electrocardiograms in Mice
Tomohiro Shintaku, Takayoshi Ohba, Hidetoshi Niwa, Tetsuya Kushikata, Kazuyoshi Hirota, Kyoichi Ono, Yasushi Matsuzaki, Tadaatsu Imaizumi, Daisuke Sawamura, Manabu Murakami
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Abstract
We compared the effects of inhalation anesthesia（ 2% isoflurane）, intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital anesthesia （50 mg/kg）, and a combination anesthetic consisting of medetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol （MMB） on electrocardiograms in mice. Using either isoflurane inhalation anesthesia or pentobarbital anesthesia, heart rate （HR） was in the acceptable range （ca. 450-500 bpm）. In contrast, MMB anesthesia decreased HR significantly. Importantly, MMB anesthesia responded minimally to propranolol （β-blocker）, suggesting that MMB anesthesia affects sympathetic tonus and is not suitable for evaluation of the cardiovascular or sympathetic system. We confirmed that modified MMB, with a decreased dose of medetomidine from the original protocol（ an α2 agonist）, was associated with a HR of 400 bpm and a diminished response to propranolol. Our present results illustrate the importance of using an appropriate form of anesthesia suitable for experimental pharmacological studies.
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