Surveillance of Agricultural Price and Trade Policy in Latin America during Major Policy Reforms

No AccessWorld Bank Discussion Papers12 Aug 2013Surveillance of Agricultural Price and Trade Policy in Latin America during Major Policy ReformsAuthors/Editors: Alberto ValdesAlberto Valdeshttps://doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-3836-6SectionsAboutPDF (0.6 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract:Since approximately 1990, most countries in Latin America have embarked on a multilateral process of trade liberalization for agricultural and non-agricultural products, effectively putting an end to four decades of import-substitution policies. Most countries adopted tariffication, with bound tariffs, eliminating quota restriction and removing export taxes. This study examines how agricultural protection has changed since the reforms, what has happened with real farm prices during trade reform, and the present status regarding tariffs and quantitative restrictions in the various countries. The analysis identifies areas where additional reforms are needed. The report presents a quantitative assessment of trade and price interventions involving seven commodities per country for eight Latin American and Caribbean countries during 1984-95. The study includes a discussion on the current trade policies of these countries in the context of the Uruguay Round Agreement. Four policy indicators are used, namely the nominal and effective rates of protection, the producer subsidy equivalent, and the effective rate of assistance. Gauged annually, these indicators expose implicit subsidies and taxes in specific commodity markets and the resulting (implicit) income transfers. Quantification of these instruments and the resulting transparency in policy-making, can be an effective deterrent against discriminatory treatment in pricing and trade. Previous bookNext book FiguresReferencesRecommendedDetailsCited ByDemocracies in Peril26 July 2018Decomposing Changes in Agricultural Producer PricesJournal of Agricultural Economics, Vol.62, No.128 September 2010Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales, Vol.6, No.12Krueger, Schiff, and Valdés Revisited: Agricultural Price and Trade Policy Reform in Developing Countries since 1960Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Vol.32, No.21 June 2010Distortions to Agricultural Versus Nonagricultural Producer IncentivesAnnual Review of Resource Economics, Vol.1, No.1Measuring distortions to agricultural incentives, revisited*World Trade Review, Vol.7, No.413 October 2008Reducing Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: Progress, Pitfalls, and ProspectsAmerican Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol.88, No.51 December 2006Economic Reforms and Evolution of Producer Prices in Kenya: An ARCH-M ApproachAfrican Development Review, Vol.15, No.2-3Regional trading arrangements for Chile : do the results differ with a dynamic model ?Économie internationale, Vol.n° 94-95, No.2Environmental Regulations, Transfers, and Trade: Theory and EvidenceJournal of Environmental Economics and Management, Vol.43, No.2Chapter 27 Agriculture and the macroeconomy, with emphasis on developing countriesChapter 31 Rural development and rural policyProtectionism in the European Union: Implications for Latin AmericaIntereconomics, Vol.36, No.3Agricultural taxation in developing countries: a survey of issues and policyAgricultural Economics, Vol.24, No.3Agricultural Markets Beyond Liberalization: Issues, Analysis and FindingsAgricultural Markets Beyond Liberalization: The Role of the StateWheat policy and economy‐wide reform in BrazilAgricultural Economics, Vol.20, No.21 March 1999 View Published: December 1996ISBN: 978-0-8213-3836-0 Copyright & Permissions Related RegionsLatin America & CaribbeanRelated CountriesBrazilChileColombiaUruguayRelated TopicsInternational Economics & TradeMacroeconomics and Economic GrowthPrivate Sector Development KeywordsTRADE POLICYINTERNATIONAL TRADETRADE BARRIERSAGRICULTURAL PRICESAGRICULTURAL TRADEAGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIESIMPORT SUBSTITUTIONMARKETING POLICIESPROTECTIONIST MEASURESCOMPETITIVENESSPRODUCER PRICESPRICE POLICYTARIFFSPRICE CONTROLSPRICE SUBSIDIESTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE PROMOTIONLATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEANAGRICULTURAL PRICEAGRICULTURAL PRICESBORDER PRICEMARKETINGPRICE INCENTIVESPRICE POLICYPRICE TRENDSPRODUCER PRICEPRODUCER PRICESSUBSTITUTION PDF DownloadLoading ...