Medical emergencies, diagnosis, and management

Cardiovascular - cardiac arrest myocardial infarction pre-infarction syndrome cardiac arrhythmias acute pulmonary oedema hypertensive emergencies pulmonary embolus dissections of the aorta cardiac tamponade respiratory - respiratory failure chronic bronchitis pure ventilatory failure hypozaemic failure severe attacks of asthma pneumothorax massive pulmonary collapse acute laryngeal obstruction massive pleural effusions adult respiratory distress syndrome pulmonary aspiration syndrome community-acquired severe pneumonia gastrointestinal - massive GI haemorrhage lower GI bleeding acute pancreatitis ulcerative colitis acute abdominal pain pseudo-obstruction acute gastric dilation acute liver failure acute renal failure endocrine - diabetic ketoacidosis and coma hyper-osmolar non-ketotic diabetic acidosis urgent surgery in diabetics hypopituitary coma pituitary apoplexy acute lactic acidosis hypoglycaemic pre-coma and coma Addisonian crisis myxoedema coma thyrotoxic crisis acute hypercalcaemia tetany neurological - the competed stroke transient ischaemic attacks closed head injury syncopal attacks fits spinal cord compression acute ascending polyneuritis myasthenia gravis myasthenic crisis cholinergic crisis generalized tetanus brain death sickle cell anaemia anaemia, the overdose - management special agents hypothermia acute febrile illness - the acutely febrile patients AIDS malaria typhoid general clinical problems - acute confusional states, delirium acute psychoses the poorly-perfused patient blood transfusion reactions anaphylactic shock bacterial shock the unconscious patient severe chest pain severe headaches the acutely painful joint the acutely breathless patient social problems central venous pressure and pulmonary artery occlusion.