Harmonization of Automobile Emission Standards Under International Trade Agreements: Lessons from the European Union Applied to the WTO and the NAFTA

References to "the market" mean the market for passenger automobiles and light trucks.For ease of reading, references to "motor vehicles" or "vehicles" mean only automobiles and light-duty trucks, unless otherwise stated.[Vol.20:175 26 2 since.In 1980, Japan overtook the United States in production, 27 in part due to the higher fuel efficiency of Japanese cars after the second oil price shock (1979-1980).