Deportation of migrants, Netherlands 19th–20th century

Abstract This essay concentrates on deportation – the forced removal of immigrants from state territory – by examining deportation history in the Netherlands. States can regulate migration by restricting the entry and stay of immigrants or by deporting those who do not (or no longer) fulfill the conditions to stay. This case study will demonstrate that deportation was not an easy solution to unwanted or illegal immigration. Deportation was not only costly; it could also be frustrated by understaffed police forces, public resistance, or by unwilling deportees and their countries of origin.