Analysis of Mixed Convection in a Lid Driven Trapezoidal Cavity

Convection is the heat transfer mechanism affected by the flow of fluids. The amount of energy and matter are conveyed by the fluid can be predicted through the convective heat transfer. The convective heat transfer splits into two branches; the natural convection and the forced convection. Forced convection regards the heat transport by induced fluid motion which is forced to happen. This induced flow needs consistent mechanical power. But natural convection differs from the forced convection through the fluid flow driving force which happens naturally. The flows are driven by the buoyancy effect due to the presence of density gradient and gravitational field. As the temperature distribution in the natural convection depends on the intensity of the fluid currents which is dependent on the temperature potential itself, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of natural convection heat transfer is very difficult. Numerical investigation instead of theoretical analysis is more needed in this field. Two types of natural convection heat transfer phenomena can be observed in the nature. One is that external free convection that is caused by the heat transfer interaction between a single wall and a very large fluid reservoir adjacent to the wall. Another is that internal free convection which befalls within an enclosure. Mathematically, the tendency of a particular