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Shocked basalt from Lonar Impact Crater, India, and experimental analogues

S. W. Kieffer, Rand B. Schaal, Rex V. Gibbons, F. Hörz, D. J. Milton, Adarsh Dube

Abstract

Samples of Lonar basalts were experimentally shocked in vacuum to pressures between 200 and 650 kbar by a 20 mm, high-velocity gun. Plagioclase and palagonite in experimentally shocked samples show deformation similar to that in the naturally shocked rocks, but pyroxene does not show optically resolvable edge melting. It is estimated that pressures in excess of 800-1000 kbar are required for the formation of totally shock-melted rocks from nonporous basalt.

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Key concepts: Basalt, Pyroxene, Impact crater, Plagioclase, Geology, Geochemistry, Shock metamorphism, Mineralogy