2010•The Corsini Encyclopedia of PsychologyRequires access

Personality, Trait Theories of

Robert R. McCrae

Abstract

Abstract Personality traits are familiar to laypersons as enduring characteristics of individuals that distinguish them from others. Jane may be exuberant, energetic, and overbearing, whereas Jack is sober, steady, and reserved. Such distinctions are routinely made in everyday life and in literature, and they are facilitated by an enormous vocabulary of trait terms in English and other languages. Trait psychology consists of the scientific study of these characteristics, and trait theories of personality attempt to explain the development and functioning of the person primarily in terms of traits. Personality research is currently dominated by trait approaches, and much has been learned about traits in the past 30 years.

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Key concepts: Trait, Personality, Trait theory, Big Five personality traits, Psychology, Vocabulary, Big Five personality traits and culture, Social psychology