ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS: Part 1: Pitfalls and interpretation

ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS: Part 1: Pitfalls and interpretation Suthat    Rungruanghiranya,  MD  (Hon)* *Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharuinwirot University The arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is one of the most commonly used clinical test in assessing a patient's oxygenation, ventilation, as well as acid-base status. However, ABG analysis appears to be a complicated and confusing matter to many physicians. Very often, this procedure was performed incorrectly, compromising its clinical usefulness and accuracy. To maximize its yield, one must understand its technical details, including the techniques, sample collection, handling and common pitfalls. Type of syringes can also influence the ABG measurement. Knowing the limitation of the ABG analysis and its alternatives is also important. The clinical usefulness of venous blood gas was also discussed. Most importantly, to correctly interpret ABG analysis, a practical, stepwise approach is required. That stepwise approach should begin with the assessment of oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base disturbances. Once one utilizes this test with care and knowledge, I believe it will soon become a simple and straightforward test for everyone. Vajira Med J 2004 ; 48 : 41 - 46