2015•Journal of Public Health DentistryRequires access

Initial nonresponse and survey response mode biases in survey research

Donald L. Chi, Chao Ying Chen

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated survey response factors (particularly initial nonresponse and survey mode) that may be associated with bias in survey research. METHODS: We examined prevention-related beliefs and outcomes for initial mail survey responders (n=209), follow-up mail survey responders (n=78), and follow-up telephone survey responders (n=74). The Pearson chi-square test and analysis of variance identified beliefs and behavioral outcomes associated with survey response mode. RESULTS: Follow-up options to the initial mail survey improved response rates (22.0-38.0 percent). Initial mail survey responders more strongly believed topical fluoride protects teeth from cavities than others (P=0.04). A significantly larger proportion of parents completing a follow-up telephone survey (30.8 percent) refused topical fluoride for their child than those completing mail surveys (10.3-10.4 percent) (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Multiple mode surveys with follow-up improve response rates. Initial nonresponse and survey response mode may be associated with biases in survey research.

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Key concepts: Non-response bias, Survey research, Survey data collection, Psychology, Survey methodology, Response bias, Econometrics, Mode (computer interface)