自動詞의 (sa)seru形과 使役ㆍ他動과의 關係

This study is to show the existence of middle stage meaning between causative and transitive meanings of an intransitive verb (sa)seru-form which has both causative and transitive meanings. That is to say, the meanings of (sa)seru-form are not separated dualistically as the causative and transitive meanings, but are connected by a middle stage on a line. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clearly classify the ranges of the causative, transitive and middle stage meanings by using properties of verbs, intention and activity of causer, and volitionality and activity of causee. Usually, what causative meaning is strong means that a situation is accomplished by the intention of the causer and the activity of the causee, and when the influence of the causer to the causee is indirect. On the other hand, what transitive meaning is strong means direct and concrete influence of subject to object. Classification features obtained from examples printed in books make that meanings of (sa)seru-form differ according to the properties of verb, causer with or without intention and activity, causee with or without volitionality and activity, and so on. Furthermore, these results show that meanings of intransitive verb (sa)seru-form can not be classified just by causative and transitive meanings, but should be classified as causative, transitive and middle stage meanings.