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Successful spectral synthesis of Zeeman-split molecular bands in sunspot spectra

S. V. Berdyugina, C. Frutiger, S. K. Solanki, W. C. Livingston

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Abstract

We present the first spectral synthesis of Zeeman- split Stokes profiles of the MgH A 2 -X 2 green system and TiO -system. The calculations involve different regimes of the molecular Zeeman effect, up to the complete Paschen-Back effect for individual lines. The synthetic spectra are compared with observations of Stokes I and V in sunspot umbrae. We find that although the Stokes I spectra are reasonably reproduced, some lines are obviously still missing from the employed line lists. The Stokes V spectra turn out to be much cleaner since the missing lines do not appear to be Zeeman-split. We thus pro- vide the first good fit to Zeeman-split molecular lines, including profiles with unconventional Stokes V shapes, determined by the Paschen-Back effect.

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What this paper is about

We present the first spectral synthesis of Zeeman- split Stokes profiles of the MgH A 2 -X 2 green system and TiO -system. The calculations involve different regimes of the molecular Zeeman effect, up to the complete Paschen-Back effect for individual lines. The synthetic spectra are compared with observations of Stokes I and V in sunspot umbrae. We find that although the Stokes I spectra are reasonably reproduced, some lines are obviously still missing from the employed line lists. The Stokes V spectra turn out to be much cleaner since the missing lines do not appear to be Zeeman-split. We thus pro- vide the first good fit to Zeeman-split molecular lines, including profiles with unconventional Stokes V shapes, determined by the Paschen-Back effect.

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Available abstract

We present the first spectral synthesis of Zeeman- split Stokes profiles of the MgH A 2 -X 2 green system and TiO -system. The calculations involve different regimes of the molecular Zeeman effect, up to the complete Paschen-Back effect for individual lines. The synthetic spectra are compared with observations of Stokes I and V in sunspot umbrae. We find that although the Stokes I spectra are reasonably reproduced, some lines are obviously still missing from the employed line lists. The Stokes V spectra turn out to be much cleaner since the missing lines do not appear to be Zeeman-split. We thus pro- vide the first good fit to Zeeman-split molecular lines, including profiles with unconventional Stokes V shapes, determined by the Paschen-Back effect.

Key concepts: Zeeman effect, Spectral line, Physics, Sunspot, Astrophysics, Line (geometry), Magnetic field, Astronomy

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