Archeological Testing at 16 cm 61, a Prehistoric Shell Midden in Cameron Parish, Louisiana.

The archaeological site 16 CM 61 is located in the potential impact area of the Mermentau River, Gulf of Mexico Navigation Channel Project. The objective of this study was archaeological testing, analysis, and assessment, in order to determine the integrity and research potential of archaeologial deposits. The research effort focused on mapping of the site area, controlled surface collection, and auger, shovel, and limited test unit excavations. Subsequent analyses of remains were designed to determine the ability of the site to contribute to understanding of local and regional prehistory. Fieldwork at 16 CM 61 revealed the presence of intact cultural deposits, and the analysis of ceramic artifacts indicated that the site has internal microstratigraphy suggestive of multiple episodes of activity and refuse disposal. Ceramic classification indicated a Coles Creek period occupation and a single C14 date of A.D. 990 + or - 100 years was obtained. Analysis of shells of Rangia cuneata and of fish otoliths indicated a spring or summer occupation for the site. Because of the presence of extensive in situ deposits, and due to the demonstrable research potential of the site, the site is believed to be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places.