2011International Journal of NutrologyOpen access

SEVERE HYPONATREMIA AND HYPOKALEMIA: A POTENTIALLY FATAL CLINICAL AND NUTROLOGICAL CONDITION IN THE EMERGENCY ROOM: A CASE REPORT

Lafaiete Alves, Carlos F Ferrarini, Fernando Dipe de Matos, Maria Fernanda Braggio, Cleber Trindade de Araujo, Durval Ribas Filho, Adel Miguel, José Miguel Sobrinho

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Abstract

Electrolyte imbalances are common in clinical practice. However, if untreated they can lead to severe complications including neurologic disturbances, cardiac rhythm alterations and even death. They can be diagnosed by a detailed clinical history, a careful physical examination and serum determinations. Their etiology is broad, including renal and extra-renal losses, use of medication without medical supervision and low intake from foods. The present case describes a patient attended at the emergency room complaining of epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and weakness that resolved after electrolyte reposition.

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What this paper is about

Electrolyte imbalances are common in clinical practice. However, if untreated they can lead to severe complications including neurologic disturbances, cardiac rhythm alterations and even death. They can be diagnosed by a detailed clinical history, a careful physical examination and serum determinations. Their etiology is broad, including renal and extra-renal losses, use of medication without medical supervision and low intake from foods. The present case describes a patient attended at the emergency room complaining of epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and weakness that resolved after electrolyte reposition.

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Available abstract

Electrolyte imbalances are common in clinical practice. However, if untreated they can lead to severe complications including neurologic disturbances, cardiac rhythm alterations and even death. They can be diagnosed by a detailed clinical history, a careful physical examination and serum determinations. Their etiology is broad, including renal and extra-renal losses, use of medication without medical supervision and low intake from foods. The present case describes a patient attended at the emergency room complaining of epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and weakness that resolved after electrolyte reposition.

Key concepts: Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia, Medicine, Nausea, Vomiting, Etiology, Physical examination, Abdominal pain

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