Nativism and xenophobia

Abstract Nativism and xenophobia refer to the preference for native‐born people of a given society and the fear of foreigners or “others” considered to be outsiders based on racial, ethnic, or national origin or religion. Such dynamics often emerge among those individuals who consider themselves to be the original inhabitants or rightful citizens of a given region or nation. Nativism and xenophobia can be directed at immigrants who are newcomers to a country but can sometimes be expressed towards anyone (regardless of nativity or immigrant status) who is perceived to be an outsider, based on physical features/appearance or cultural distinctiveness (in style of dress, language, or religious practice).