One Stage Reconstruction of Esophageal Atresia and Distal Tracheoesophageal Fistula in a 3250-gm Neonate: A Case Report

Esophageal atresia (EA) occurs when the upper part of the esophagus does not connect with the lower part of esophagus and stomach. Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection between the upper part of the esophagus and the trachea. Treatment for esophageal atresia has advanced over several decades due to improvements in surgical techniques and neonatal intensive care. The aim is to share our experience regarding the treatment of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. A 4-day-old neonate suffering from esophageal atresia with type IIIB tracheoesophageal fistula underwent one stage esophageal reconstruction and obtained good outcome without any complications. In this paper, a simple intra-operative technique for tracheal fistula repair and end to end esophageal anastomosis is discussed. We used a simple technique that we have found useful for ligation of tracheal fistula. Anastomosis of lower and upper esophagus without any complication like anastomotic leakage or stricture/stenosis of the neonate with EA/TEF (type IIIB), was proved to be safe and effective.