The Classroom and the Everyday: The Importance of Informal Learning for Formal Learning1
Alan W. Rogers
Abstract
Alan W. Rogers
Abstract
All education is learning, but not all learning is education. Formal learning takes place in an educational institution. Non-formal learning takes place outside of schools and changes depending on the individual. It is primarily self-directed. Informal learning occurs in everyday life and is not planned. This paper uses the image of the iceberg to illustrate this process: The tip of the iceberg is the conscious, formal learning, then comes the non-formal learning, but under the water there is a much larger part of informal learning.
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All education is learning, but not all learning is education. Formal learning takes place in an educational institution. Non-formal learning takes place outside of schools and changes depending on the individual. It is primarily self-directed. Informal learning occurs in everyday life and is not planned. This paper uses the image of the iceberg to illustrate this process: The tip of the iceberg is the conscious, formal learning, then comes the non-formal learning, but under the water there is a much larger part of informal learning.
Key concepts: Formal learning, Informal learning, Informal education, Experiential learning, Formal education, Open learning, Active learning (machine learning), Learning sciences