Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ( MMPI ) Instruments

Abstract The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), developed by Starke Hathaway (1903–87) and J. CharnleyMcKinley(1891–1950), was published in 1943 to assist with the differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. Since its initial release, the inventory has undergone two major revisions, and it has been the subject of continual empirical research published in thousands of books, book chapters, and journal articles. The first revision, completed in 1989, focused on updating the test norms and produced theMMPI‐2. An effort to modernize theMMPIscales began in the early 1990s and culminated in 2008 with publication of theMMPI‐2 Restructured Form (MMPI‐2‐RF). In this entry, the development and evolution of theMMPIinstruments are described first, followed by information regarding administration, scoring, and interpretation of the current version of the inventory. Finally, research that supports use of theMMPI‐2‐RFin various settings is described briefly.