Municipal wastewater treatment using constructed wetland : removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid (TSS)

The lab-scale of surface flow constructed wetland (SF) was applied to treat municipal wastewater for removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS). The aim of this study was to determine the percentage removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) at different concentration of wastewater and at different number of treatment cycle by using constructed wetland treatment system. Two different concentration of wastewater were used which is diluted wastewater and non diluted wastewater and the treatment system was run for 10 days of treatment. The sample also treated with one treatment cycle and two treatment cycles. For the purpose of this study, the treatment system consists of 4 stages of treatment and it took 10 days to complete one cycle treatment, while for two cycle treatment it took 20 days. The 1st and 3rd stage is treated by gravel, while 2nd and 4th stage is treated by Pistia stratioes. From result obtained, it shows that treatment system with diluted wastewater by two treatment cycle was more efficient and gave the highest percentage removal of COD (92.5%) and TSS (91.4%), while DO level increased by 120%. Hence, the removal of COD and TSS complied with the requirement of the sewage effluents standard. Results from this study indicate that the Surface Flow Constructed Wetland is suitable and can be develops as one of the technology treatment system in the future.